Objective To establish standard surveillance procedure for central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), implement full-process quality management for improving surveillance quality, and provide basis for effective prevention and control for CLABSI. Methods Through multidisciplinary team management, the entire surveillance process of CLABSI was sorted out, including problems related to culture of blood specimen, capture of catheterization information, and diagnosis of infection. Targeted quality management interventions were carried out. Intervention measures included unifying surveillance standards, optimizing medical orders for catheterization, and standardizing blood culture collection. The consistency between the catheterization information captured by the system and the manually filled data, as well as the changes in blood culture contamination before and after intervention were compared, and the effectiveness of quality management intervention was evaluated. Results A unified CLABSI surveillance process and a scheme of medical order for central venous catheterization (CVC) were established. In 2024, CVC days was 229 439, 60 cases of CLABSI occurred, and the incidence of CLABSI was 0.26 ‰. CLABSI occurred mainly in the department of hematology and intensive care units. 65 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, and coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the main pathogen of CLABSI, accounting for 49.23% (n=32). After intervention, the consistency between the number of catheterization days according to medical orders obtained by the information system and the manually filled clinical data significantly improved, from 61.72% before intervention to 78.18% after intervention (P<0.05). The contamination rate of blood culture remained at a low level before and after intervention. Conclusion The full-process quality management of CLABSI surveillance can significantly improve surveillance efficiency and effectiveness.