Objective To understand the application of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) quality control indicators and current status of HAI management in primary medical institutions in Jiangsu Province, and provide refe-rence and basis for primary medical institutions to improve HAI management quality and for health administrative departments to formulate HAI management relevant policies. Methods Data on HAI quality control indicators co-llected by Jiangsu Provincial Primary Healthcare Professional Quality Control Center from the first batch of 62 primary sentinel medical institutions in the province were analyzed. Results of on-site inspections and assessments of 20 institutions were summarized and analyzed. Results From July 2023 to May 2024, a total of 145 814 inpatients were monitored, 219 patients had 220 episodes of HAI. The incidence and case incidence of HAI were both 0.15%, and the main HAI site was upper respiratory tract (40.45%). The compliance rate and correct rate of hand hygiene were 81.34% (14.29%-100%) and 87.90% (18.46%-100%), respectively. The removal rate of surface pollutant from environmental objects was 77.24% (20.00%-100%), and the qualified rate of cleaning of device, appliances, and articles was 98.76% (10.00%-100%). The monitoring data records of quality control indicators in most primary healthcare institutions during on-site inspections didn’t match the monthly data reported to the Jiangsu Provincial Primary Healthcare Professional Quality Control Center. Most healthcare workers in primary healthcare institutions lacked sufficient awareness and knowledge in infection prevention and control. Multiple HAI-related safety hazards existed in key departments of most primary medical institutions. Conclusion After nearly a year of continuous monitoring on HAI, the primary sentinel medical institutions have established their own data on the incidence of HAI. The compliance rate and correct rate of hand hygiene, as well as the removal rate of surface pollutants from environmental objects are still relatively low in some medical medical institutions, and there is much room for improvement. There is still a significant gap in terms of HAI prevention and control in some primary medical institutions when referring to the standards.