Hand hygiene (HH) can effectively reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infection (HAI). The design of HH facilities is crucial for infection prevention and control in medical buildings, and must balance functional and safety requirements. This paper systematically explores the key design elements of HH facilities in medical buildings, as well as the current status and shortcomings of design in this field in China. The design of HH facilities cannot rely solely on local improvements, but must be systematically optimized to meet higher standards for infection prevention and control requirements. The design of future HH facilities should adhere to a multidisciplinary approach, be guided systematically, prioritize user experience, utilize simulation technology, and enhance the application of antimicrobial materials. It is suggested that the regulatory authorities in the medical industry in China develop specialized guidelines for the design of HH facilities in medical buildings, establish a standardized system for HH facility design and products, and provide comprehensive solutions for HH in medical buildings.